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THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL SCHOOL

THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL SCHOOL At the broadest level, phenomenological sociology is that sociology which operates on the basis of philosophical phenomenology. It tries, without doing too much damage to its original sources, to apply the principles of philosophical phenomenology to sociological questions. The work of philosophers such as Husserl, as well as Henri Bergson, Franz Brentano, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, provide its ultimate source, and the work of Schultz, its closest source. Phenomenologists assign primacy to human consciousness. So its objective is the description of the universal structure of subjective orientations. Derived from this approach is the view held by phenomenological sociology that the objective features of society rest on this universal subjective base. Like phenomenological philosophy, phenomenological sociology is a science because of its rigorous, systematic, and critical attempt to uncover the basic realities of social life. Phenomenological school reflec...
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Hi to All who Love Sociology Those who want details about any area of Sociology or any related field, please sent comments on that and i will post it as early as possible
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KANIKKAR TRIBALS

KANIKKAR TRIBALS Kanikkar is traditionally known as Kani, are bring into being in extreme south India , around the Agasthyakulam and Mahendragri peaks of the Western Ghats in the Thiruvanathapuram , Kollam district of Kerala, as well as in the adjesent areas of TamilNadu . In Kerala, their main concentrations are in the Nedumangadu Thaluk. Non-tribal population at different times has penetrated their region, and now, they are mostly confined to the reserve forest area and their margins. The reservoir off the Neyyar irrigation project cuts through their homeland; those on the eastern side are more isolated and alive in thicker forest than the others. Kanis are generally known for their straight forwardness, honestly and truthfulness. According to Bourdillon, “those who live in the interior are called Kanikkars while those who living in the outer portion are known as Velma’s (Malevolent). Legend was that they were called Kanikkar by the puranic sages Agastya, signifying “hereditary...
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TRIBES IN KERALA

TRIBES IN KERALA Tribes in Kerala are known as Advises locally meaning early inhabitants of the area and are distributed mostly in the Western Ghats and low – lying hills. In Kerala tribes are mostly seen in Waynad, Idukki, Palakkad and Kasarkode. In other districts tribal population either around 5% of the total population or below. Kanikkars are a group of hill tribes inhabiting the mountains of south Travancore (Trivandrum district) being chiefly found in the Taluks of Nedumangad and Neyyattinkara. Table 1:1 District – wise Distributions of Tribal in Kerala Districts Males Females Total DT.ST Population as state’s ST population Thiruvananthapuram 7860 8321 16181 5.04 Kollam 1943 1941 3884 1.21 Pathanamthitha 3459 3463 6922 2.16 Kottayam 8902 9094 17996 5.62 Alappuza 1407 1394 2801 0.87 Ernakulam 2551 2390 4941 1.54 Idukki 25512 24757 50269 15.66 Thrissur 1990 2061 4051 1.26 Palakkad 17927 17538 35465 11.05 Malappuram 5213 5342 10555 3.29 Kozhikode 2654 2753 5407 1.69 Wayanad...
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TRIBAL UPLIFT AND THE RULE OF LAW

TRIBAL UPLIFT AND THE RULE OF LAW The judicial system has become more sensitized to social justice. Constitutional amendment, minimal though may be resided, but tribal credibility will be causality if the current litigate justice were to be continued as the rule of law. In 1989 Indian parliament passed the Atrocities act for protecting Scheduled tribes and scheduled castes from offence and injustice against them by others. Under this law 3(1) those who made violence and mayhem against tribes shall imprison to minimum 6 months to 5-year. (Pattika Varga Vikasana Padhathikal-Paripadikal, Scheduled Tribe Development Department, Kerala Government.) The Kerala Scheduled Tribes (Restriction on Transfer of Lands and Restoration of Alienated Lands) Act1975 was passed by the Kerala Legislative Assembly on 1…04…1975 but brought in to force with effect from 1…1…1982 .this Act was for the restoration of lands alienated by members of tribal community . The Government has amended this Act in 199...
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INDIAN TRIBES IN TRANSITION

INDIAN TRIBES IN TRANSITION The tribal in India put on view an assortment of customs and traditions typical of their own life styles. Modernization as well as Urbanization has their own role in the process of transformation in life and culture of tribes. Because of these transformations in the traditional tribal culture of various communities, the uniformity in their socio cultural milieu had been disrupted. According to RS Mann (1980: 1-2) there are three stages in tribal living karkedin most of the tribal communities. Some tribal are sufficiently changed, some are in the transitional stage and others remain bogged down within the frame of traditionality. The creation of such stages of living can be attributed to the plan as well as the non-planned efforts of non-tribal. While the planned efforts are of recent origin, the no-planned forces, of quite long standing, have had more influence. Such a trend is obviously the result of the great persistence of tribal problems, including th...
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TRIBALS IN INDIA

TRIBALS IN INDIA Tribal in India live in the forests, hills and naturally isolated regions. They are known by different names such as Vanyajathi, Vanavasi, Pahari, Adimajati, Adivasi, and Janjati etc. Nearly all the tribal of India have been in continuous contact with their neighbors who live by farming and a large number of specialized manual industries and yet they have retained their customs and ethnic identity. This is because they usually marry with in their own communities and the clan elders or chiefs keep their cultural practices alive there. Barring a very small fraction, there is little difference between their economic status and that of the neighboring rural folk. Yet as the tribes have, more or less, retained their separate social identity and on the whole can be regarded as comparatively isolated and economically backward, they have been placed under the category of scheduled tribes. The first and foremost characteristics of the tribal economy are its close relation s...
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